Project North was initiated by national Christian churches in Canada in September 1975 in response to the mega-development projects taking place in northern Canada. The Aboriginal Rights Coalition (ARC) was established as the result of a year long review by the Canadian churches of their aboriginal justice witness after Project North, ARC's predecessor, ended its twelve years (1975-1987) of service.
Objectives: ARC works towards the transformation of the relationship between Canadian society and Aboriginal peoples. Through education, research, advocacy and action, this coalition of national churches, faith bodies, and regional groups, works in solidarity with Aboriginal peoples. ARC seeks to embody true partnership by building authentic alliances in the global struggle for Aboriginal justice.
Activities: ARC has created and implemented innovative public education and political action campaigns towards: the recognition of Aboriginal land and treaty rights in Canada; realizing the historic rights of Aboriginal peoples as they are recognized in the Canadian constitution and upheld in the courts, including the right to self-determination; reversing the erosion of social rights, including rights to adequate housing, education, health care and appropriate legal systems; seeking reconciliation between Aboriginal peoples, the Christian community and Canadian society; clarifying the moral and spiritual basis for action towards Aboriginal and social justice in Canada; opposing development and military projects that threaten Aboriginal communities and the environment; and promoting Aboriginal justice within Jubilee.
A national assembly is held every two years and regional assemblies in the intervening years. A national office is located in Ottawa with regional offices, staffed by dedicated volunteers, in various parts of Canada.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of the records of the Project North and then the Aboriginal Rights Coalition. Records include minutes, correspondence, published resources, newsletters, articles, papers, press releases, administrative records, financial records, subject files, program files. Includes one audio recording of Ernie Willie.
Associated Material
Project North records are also held at Vancouver School of Theology Archives
Related Fonds
Partnerships fonds
Program fonds
Primate's World Relief and Development (PWRDF) fonds
Mrs. Adelaide Jane Butler went to teach at Shingle Point Indian Residential School. She was there from September 1932 to 1936.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of correspondence from A.J. Butler to her sister, Dollie/Dolly and Mary Butler. There are some letters and drawings from the students after she left. One file contains a typescript and printed article entitled, Missions to the Canadian Eskimos written by A.L. Fleming published in Arctic News, 1929.
Archibald Lang Fleming (1883-1953), enrolled at Wycliffe College in 1908, and was ordained deacon in 1912 and priest in 1913. Fleming was Archdeacon of the Arctic, 1927-1933 and first Bishop of the Arctic, 1933-1949. Earlier he had served as rector of the Church of St. John The Evangelist, Saint John, New Brunswick. His duration as Bishop, which landed him the name "The Flying Bishop", saw the Diocese of the Arctic add sixteen mission stations, two modern hospitals, nine churches, four residential schools, four chapels and two day schools.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of personal papers created and collected by or about A.L. Fleming. Includes: Notebooks regarding specifications for numerous ships and customs of the Eskimo; a dictionary of translated words; correspondence; financial records; scrapbooks; newspaper and magazine articles; cartographic records; Fleming's diaries, writings and photographs.
Fonds consists of the following series:
Series 1. Certificates, diplomas and personal documents;
Series 2. Diaries, notebooks and journals;
Series 3. General files;
Series 4. Scrapbooks, clippings, and memorabilia;
Series 5. Photographs;
Series 6. Maps and drawings;
Series 7. Manuscript writings;
Series 8. Publications
The Church of England Deaconess and Missionary Training House was established in 1890 as a residential school to prepare women workers for Deaconess and missionary service. In 1947 the name was changed to the Anglican Women's Training College (AWTC). Anglican women from all over Canada came to Toronto to train for work in Christian Education in parishes, medical and teaching services overseas, Indian and Eskimo Residential Schools and reserves, Bishop's Messengers in western Canada, Sunday School by Post and Radio, youth and social work. The Woman's Auxiliary recruits were sent to the AWTC for missionary training for a year or less before being sent out. This was different from the three year diploma program offered to AWTC students.
In 1969, the AWTC merged with the United Church's Covenent College to become the Centre for Christian Studies using the former AWTC building on Charles Street, Toronto. In 1997, the building in Toronto was sold and a decision was made to discontinue the traditional residential program in favour of the community based program and to relocate the administrative offices to Winnipeg. In July, 1998, CCS officially moved.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of correspondence, fundraising and insurance records, architectural plans and blueprints, minutes of meetings, Alumnae and student records, daybooks, financial and legal records, annual reports, scrapbooks, pamphlets and other printed materials, photographs, artifacts, and oral history interviews.
Fonds is arranged in 7 series:
Series 1: Committee on Deaconesses, 1890-1897.
Series 2: Administration Records of the Deaconess House and AWTC, 1893-1990.
Series 3: Committees, 1899-1973.
Series 4: Associations, 1896-1990.
Series 5: Printed and Miscellaneous Material, 1892-1998. Series 6: Anglican Women’s Training College: A Background Document. – 1893-1990.
Series 7: Photographs, 1900-1969.
Related Fonds
Woman's Auxiliary fonds
Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) fonds
Charles Edward Whittaker (1864-1947) graduated from Wycliffe College and was ordained deacon in 1895 and priest in 1898 by Bishop Reeve of Mackenzie River. He was a missionary in the Arctic for 23 years, 1897-1920, serving at Fort McPherson, Herschel Island, and Whitehorse. He did a lot of translation work (Western Eskimo) and was Archdeacon of Mackenzie River, 1914-1918. He finished his career serving in several parishes in the Diocese of Toronto, 1921-1934.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of a manuscript by Archdeacon Whittaker entitled, Sunrise in Eskimo Land or Dawn Among Eskimo. This manuscript outlines his missionary work in the north and in Ontario until the mid 1930's. Manuscript includes information about Archdeacon Robert McDonald, Bp. Isaac O. Stringer, W.D. Young, W.H. Fry, Edward Hester, Herbert Girling, G.E. Merritt, W.H.B. Hoare, and John Firth. Also includes reference to Indian Residential Schools at Hay River and Carcross.
Related Fonds
Diocese of the Arctic fonds
Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) fonds
The Church Army, a volunteer Anglican organization, was founded in 1882 by Wilson Carlile in the slums of Westminster, England, on the model of the Salvation Army. Organized for evangelistic purposes, since 1889 its activities have included social and moral welfare work among the poor in cities, and missions in prisons and workhouses.
The Church Army in Canada started in January 1929. They trained many evangelists and sent them out to work on Mission Vans, in Missionary Dioceses, and social service ministries in Canada.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of a small printed leaflet entitled, The Church Army in Canada : Christianity applied; with short facts and statistics on the Church Army in Canada.
The Diocese of the Arctic was formed in 1933 and incorporated in 1961. The territory of the diocese spans the Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Nunavik (Northern Quebec). Originally the See city was in Aklavik with All Saints as the Pro-Cathedral, but in 1972 the See city became Frobisher Bay (Iqaluit), because the Mackenzie River area had become its own Episcopal District. St. Jude's Cathedral was built in Iqaluit especially to be the Cathedral for the Diocese of the Arctic. The diocese ministers primarily among Inuit people, but has also included First Nations and Caucasians in its mission stations. From the earliest days the missionaries in the Arctic were involved in translation, medical services and education.
The Diocese of the Arctic has had five diocesan bishops - Archibald Lang Fleming (1933-1949), Donald Ben Marsh (1950-1973), John Reginald Sperry (1974-1990), John Christopher Richard Williams (1991-2002 ), Andrew Philip Atagotaaluk (2002-2012), David Parsons (2012- ).
Suffragan Bishops were introduced in 1963 with Henry George Cook (1963-1966). Since then others have followed - James Charles MacLeod Clarke (1979-1986), J.C.R. Williams (1987-1990), Terrence Owen Buckle (1993-1995), Paul Oodleteta Idlout (1996-2004), Andrew Philip Atagotaaluk (1999-2002), Larry David Robertson (1999-2010), and Benjamin Tatigat Arreak (2002-2010), Darren McCartney (2012-2019), Joey Royal, (2019- ), Annie Ittoshat (2019- ), Lucy Netser (2019- ).
The diocese was formed from the northern portions of four diocese - Yukon (formerly Selkirk), Keewatin, Moosonee, and Mackenzie River. In 1955 the diocese was expanded to include the Mackenzie River area, until 1966 when it was transferred to the spiritual jurisdiction of the diocese of Athabasca. In 1971 the Mackenzie River area became the Episcopal District of the Mackenzie with the Rt. Rev. Henry Cook as Bishop. The district rejoined the diocese of the Arctic in 1974.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of records created or accumulated by the Diocese of the Arctic. The records cover missionary work in the Arctic and include missions that were originally administered by the dioceses of the Yukon (formerly Selkirk), Keewatin, Moosonee, and Mackenzie River (1884-1970).
The fonds is arranged in series which include:
Administration records, bishops records, parish records, translation records, hospital records, financial records, audio-visual records, graphic records, cartographic records, printed material, and collected material from various Arctic missionaries.
The bishops' records include clergy files, women workers, catechists and lay workers, mission station files, diocesan files, pastoral letters, executive committee files, Arthur Turner Training School and catechist schools files.
The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada was formed by Canon XIX of the Provincial Synod of the Ecclesiastical Province of Canada, September, 1883. The books were closed in 1902 when it amalgamated with the Canada Church Missionary Association, into the Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) created by the General Synod in 1902.
Dr. C.H. Mockridge, General Secretary, and J.J. Mason, General Treasurer, were the chief administrative officers of the DFMS until 1893 when the full-time position of Secretary-Treasurer was created, in which Dr. Mockridge served until December 1896. From 1897 to 1901, Canon A. Spencer served as Honorary Secretary. In 1901, Canon Grout took over as acting Secretary to oversee the transfer of the administration of the missions to the MSCC. Mr. C.A. Eliot served the DFMS as Honorary Treasurer, 1897-1902, and continued as Treaurer with the MSCC.
The Woman's Auxliary, formed in Ottawa in April 1885, co-operated with the DFMS. The DFMS supplied funds to a number of missions in several Canadian dioceses and to a number of foreign missionaries, particularly in Japan. At first administration was handled through the British societies, but gradually the Canadian Missions became self-supporting by 1899. Money was raised in a number of annual campaigns: the Epiphany and Ascensiontide Appeals and the Children's Lenten Letter.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of legal records, minutes, correspondence, financial records, and printed materials.
The fonds is arranged in the following series:
Series 1: Canons, constitution, and minutes, 1880-1902
Series 2: Records of the Secretary, 1889-1902
Series 3: Records of the Treasurer, 1883-1904
Series 4: Printed Materials, 1883-1903
Related Fonds
Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) fonds
Fonds consists of two articles 1. The work we have done: relationship, investment and contribution The Inuit workers of St. Luke's Hospital, Pannirtuuq, 1930-1972. Prepared by Emily E.S. Cowall Farrell and Meeka Alivaktuk. (2005), 15 p.
2. Take your medicine: the knowledge of resourcefulness : Inuit, nurse missionaries, medical doctors and sanitary science (2006) 45 p.
Herbert Girling (1891-1920) lived and worked in Nottingham, England before he responded to a call for men by the Colonial and Continental Church Society. He studied at Emmanuel College, Saskatoon from 1909-1913. Girling was ordained deacon in 1914 and priest in 1916. He began missionary service under the direction of Archdeacon C.E. Whittaker in Fort McPherson and Kittigazuit, NWT. 1915-1919 he was Missionary with the Inuit in the Bernard Harbour and Coronation Gulf areas. During that time he made extensive travels and did significant translation in the Copper Eskimo language. He died in Ottawa while on furlough.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of articles by and about Girling regarding his work among the Blond Eskimo or Copper Inuit and photographs taken while in the north. There is also a list of articles published in the Mission World by and about Girling and his work.
A later donation includes Girling's Copper Eskimo [Inuinnaqtun/Inuinnaztun] and English Dictionary and supplemental aids (grammar and phrases).
Jack (John Hudspitt) Turner (1905-1947) was trained at the Bible Churchmen's Missionary Society (B.C.M.S.) College, Bristol, England. He was ordained deacon and priest in Canada in 1929. He was a B.C.M.S. missionary at Pond Inlet, NWT (1929-1945) and Moffett Inlet, NWT (1945-1947) in the Diocese of the Arctic. He was involved with translation of portions of the Prayer Book and the Bible into Eastern Arctic Eskimo. Turner was Honorary Canon of the Arctic, 1939-1947. He died December 6, 1947 after a tragic gun accident and dramatic rescue mission documented in Operation Canon, by Maurice S. Flint.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists photocopies of two holograph letters written by Turner from Ponds Inlet, Baffin Land to F.J. Petrie, concerning his work in the north.
20 m of textual records ; 4000 graphic images ; 50 audio-visual materials
Administrative History
The Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) was formed in September 1902 by the General Synod. The Society was created for the general missionary work of the Church and aimed to bring all members of the Church into the field of action by making them members of the Society. The work of the Society was under the charge of the Board of Missions, consisting of all members of the General Synod. The executive work of the Board of Missions was done by the Board of Management composed of the Bishops, two clergy and two laymen elected by each diocese. Administratively, the MSCC was run by a General Secretary who guided the Field Secretary and various committees in their work. Its last General Secretary resigned in 1969. The MSCC Board of Management still exists under Canon VII, convenes during General Synod, and produces financial statements because of ongoing MSCC legacies and trusts.
The work of the MSCC consisted of domestic and foreign missions. In Canada the work included assisting missionary dioceses, Indian and Eskimo work, Columbia Coast Mission, Church Camp Missions, Jewish Missions, Japanese Missions, Immigration chaplaincies, white settlers missions, and Indian Residential Schools. Foreign missions included church, medical, and education work in Japan, China, India, Palestine (Jerusalem), and Egypt.
The forerunners of the MSCC were the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society (1883-1902) and the Canadian Church Missionary Society (1894-1903), both of whom were already supporting domestic and foreign missionaries. By the side of the DFMS stood the Woman's Auxiliary (1885-1966), organized in 1885 for the purpose of enlisting the women in the missionary effort of the Church. When the MSCC was formed it became the Woman's Auxiliary to the MSCC.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of constitution, minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, legal records, printed materials, photographs, and audiovisual materials.
Fonds organized into the following series:
Series 1. Board of Management and Executive Committee, 1884-1969;
Series 2. Committees, 1900-1968;
Series 2:1 Deputation Committee, 1903-1906
Series 2:2 Foreign Missions Committee, 1903-1904
Series 2:3 Sunday School Committee, 1903-1905
Series 2:4 Consultative Committee, 1912-1951
Series 2:5 Candidates Committee, 1913-1965
Series 2:6 Committee on Overseas Missions, 1942-1955
Series 2:7 Committee on Canadian Missions, 1944-1957
Series 2:8 Policy Committee, 1944-1966
Series 2:9 Committee on Missionary Strategy, 1955, 1959
Series 2:10 Missions to Seamen, 1957-1966
Series 2:11 Family Lenten Offering Committee (ACTO), 1958-1963
Series 2:12 Joint MSCC & CSS Committee on Indian and Eskimo Affairs, 1959-1962
Series 2:13 Finance Committee, 1941-1966
Series 2:14 Special Indian Committee, 1900-1910
Series 2:15 Indian and Eskimo Residential Schools Commission and Indian Schools administration, 1906-1968
Series 3. General Secretary's records, 1897-1975;
Series 4. Field Secretary's records, 1940-1959;
Series 5. Financial records, 1877-2011;
Series 6. Overseas Personnel, 1907-1941;
Series 7. Publications Department, 1943-1960;
Series 8. Publications - Official Records, 1901-1958;
Series 9. Publications, 1904-1975;
Series 10. Photograph and Audio-Visual collections.
Related Fonds
Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society (DFMS) fonds
Thomas Jabez Marsh (1864-1930) was a Church of England clergyman and missionary with the Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC). He established St. Peter's Mission at Hay River and started a school there as well. In 1897, he was joined by his wife, Alberta Deacon Marsh. Deaconess Bessie Wilgress joined the school staff in 1900. The Rev. Thomas J. Marsh remained missionary and principle of the St. Peter's Residential School at Hay River until 1907. He was replaced by the Rev. A.J. Vale.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of a Journal for Hay River dating 1893-1907.
Associated Material
Thomas Marsh fonds at NWT Archives
Related Fonds
Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) fonds
Bishop William Charles White (1873-1960) was a missionary in Fukien, China, 1897-1909 and Bishop of the Canadian missionary Diocese of Honan, China, 1909-1934. He returned to Toronto as Professor of Chinese Studies and as Keeper of the East Asiatic Collection at the Royal Ontario Museum, a collection enhanced by his connections. He was also a biographer of the Rev. Canon H.J. Cody.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of missionary reports, histories and biographies from the Diocese of Honan in China, arranged in chronological order, photographs of people and places in the Diocese, a stole belonging to Bishop White, three sets of rubbings of Jewish memorial stones from Kaifeng (approx. dates: 1489-1512), W.C. White's correspondence and biographical notes, arranged chronologically (1896-1958), sermon notes and articles written on Chinese archeology, history, ethnology, everyday life and other miscellaneous matters, pamphlets written in both English and Chinese.
Fonds arranged in five series:
Series 1. Diocese of Honan, China, 1909-1950
Series 2. Personal correspondence, 1896-1957
Series 3. Writings, 1909-1956
Series 4. Pamphlets
Series 5. Photographs and rubbings.
Related Fonds
Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) fonds
The Woman’s Auxiliary was founded in April 1885 “for the promotion of missionary effort”. The first president was Margaret Medley, wife of the Bishop of Fredericton and Archbishop of the Province of Canada. Roberta E. Tilton of Ottawa was the major force in organizing both diocesan and parochial branches and in promoting the affiliation of existing groups and societies.
The “Letter Leaflet” was a monthly publication first produced in the Diocese of Toronto. It expanded and became the W.A.’s official publication and in 1923 it was renamed “The Living Message”.
The W.A. was reorganized in 1908 following the founding of the Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) to conform to the structure of General Synod. Caroline M. Patterson Hall was elected president and the first meeting of the General Board was held in Winnipeg.
Initially the work of the W.A. included mission education among Girls; Juniors and Little Helpers (Babies) branches; support of women working as missionaries and assistants in Japan (later China and India) and on Indian Reserves; Dorcas work and financial support for the education of missionaries children. A pension fund for women missionaries was established in 1910. In 1912 after several years of discussion the W.A. agreed to assume responsibility for work with women and children overseas. This included additional budgeted expenditures for evangelism, schools and hospitals. This agreement was extended to the Canadian mission field in 1919.
In 1928 the general meeting became annual. Recognizing an expanded social service role in 1931 the W.A. added a clause to its Constitution governing its cooperation with the General Board of Religious Education (GBRE) and the Council for Social Service (CSS). In 1947, the name was formally changed to Woman's Auxiliary of the Church of England in Canada.
In 1966 the constitution was amended and the Woman’s Auxiliary became the Anglican Church Women (ACW). Integration with General Synod was agreed as a national goal and took place in 1973. Since that time the organization exists by choice at the diocesan and parish levels.
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of the constitution; minutes; legal records; reports; correspondence; missionary employment records; financial records; administration files; printed materials; photographs; scrapbooks; and audiovisual materials.
The fonds is arranged in the following series:
Series 1. Minutes of the National Board of the Woman's Auxiliary and Anglican Church Women, 1889-1973;
Series 2. Constitution of the Woman's Auxiliary and Anglican Church Women, 1885-1970;
Series 3. Legal records, 1883-1968;
Series 4. Annual Meeting Reports, 1886-1973;
Series 5. Executive Committee Minutes of the National Board of the Woman's Auxiliary and Anglican Church Women, 1886-1973;
Series 6. Records of the W.A. President, 1885-1960;
Series 7. Records of the Corresponding Secretary, 1890-1948;
Series 8. Records of the Recording Secretary, 1918, 1929;
Series 9. Records of the Dorcas Secretary, 1886-1964;
Series 10. General, 1886-1962;
Series 11. Literature and Supply, 1913;
Series 12. Junior and Little Helpers, 1926-1964;
Series 13. Committees, 1893-1974;
Series 14. Missionaries, 1891-1961;
Series 15. Finance records, 1887-1971;
Series 16. Anglican Church Women Administration Files, 1969-1974;
Series 17. Printed Materials, 1886-1971;
Series 18. Diocesan Reports, 1885-1974.
Related Fonds
Missionary Society of the Church of England in Canada (MSCC) fonds