Four hundred years ago this month a motley crew of English adventurers came ashore on what is now Baffin Island in the midst of their explorations for a northwest passage to the riches of the Orient. Their purpose? Of all things -- to hold a Church service !
It was the third expedition of Martin Frobisher, and, since one of its purposes was to establish a colony of 100 persons if possible, Frobisher had been instructed,
"That a minister or twoo do go in this jorney to use ministration of devyne service and sacraments, according to ye churche of England."
Therefore, Master Wolfal of the Diocese of Bath and Wells, scholar of King's College, ordained by the Bishop of London in April 1569 got the job -- and found himself on the barren northern shores of our country about to make history by celebrating the first Anglican Holy Eucharist in the New World.
He appears to have done well. Here is what the records tell us,
"Maister Wolfall on Winters Fornace (Baffin Island) preached a godly Sermon, whiche being ended, he celebrated also a Communion vpon the lande, at the partaking whereof, was the Captaine of the Anne Fraunces (Best himself) and manye other Gentlemen & Soldiers, Marrinters & Miners wyth hym. The celebration of diune mistery was ye first signe, seale & confirmation of Christes names death & passion euer knowen in all these quarters."
The service itself would have been taken from the Prayer Book of Queen Elizabeth I which had been issued in 1559.
To commemorate this historic event the Anglican Diocese of the Arctic will hold its Diocesan Synod at Frobisher Bay the last week in August this year [1978]. During the Synod a special Commemorative Holy Eucharist will be celebrated with the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Donald Coggan, as Preacher.
The Chief Celebrant at the Eucharist in St. Jude's Cathedral on Wednesday evening, August 30, will be the Rt. Rev. J.R. Sperry, Bishop of the Arctic. In addition to Dr. Coggan, other Church dignitaries attending will be, the Most Rev. E.W. Scott, Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada; the Most Rev. F.H.W. Crabb, Archbishop of the Ecclesiastical Province of Rupert's Land; the Rt. Rev. G.F.C. Jackson, Bishop Ordinary of the Armed Forces; the Rev. Jens C. Chemnitz, Lutheran Bishop of Greenland and the Rev. Jean Dufour O.M.I., representing Roman Catholic Bishop O. Robidoux.
The Commissioner of the North West Territories, Commission S.M. Hodgson and the Federal Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Hugh J. Faulkner, will represent the two levels of Government in the North at the Service.
The Holy Eucharist this time, unlike its counterpart four centuries ago, will be largely in the Eskimo language and all English parts will be simultaneously translated.
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"In the following pages I discuss six controversies that I think are central to the history of the Anglican Church in Canada. I have given one chapter to each controversy, and each chapter includes not only an historical essay but also a few essential historical documents so that readers can grasp the historical flavor of Anglican life and thought in Canada" (p. [xi]). "I hope that this book will provisionally fill the need for a short survey history of the Anglican Church of Canada until something better comes along, something that looks at social history, worship, music, art and architecture, finance, models of pastoral care, the diversity of ministry, and so on. The last survey history, and probably the only one a reader would to consult now, is Archbishop Philip Carrington's `The Anglican Church in Canada', but that was published as long ago as 1963. Although it is readable and full of personality and has the merit of being structured as a chronological narrative, its statements of fact are not always reliable, and it focuses, in the old manner, on bishops and a few great clergy. Moreover, it downplays the conflicts that ordinary Anglicans experienced, the very realities that this book presents as being key to Anglican identity" (p. xii). -- Preface.
Contents: Series Editor's Preface / Peter W. Williams -- Preface -- Introduction -- Questions about Missionary Work -- Questions about the Church's Role in Society -- Questions about Church Governance -- Questions about Anglican Church Style -- Questions about the Church in the Modern World -- Questions about Gender in Anglican Life -- Epilogue -- Documents -- Bibliographic Essay.
Author is a priest of the Anglican Church of Canada and professor of Church History at Wycliffe College in Toronto.
"Over thirty years ago Canon A.R. Kelley, archivist of the diocese of Quebec, began to write a book for which he proposed as a title, 'The Anglican Church of Canada, 1697-1893: The Story of Its Expansion'. In the succeeding decade he conducted much careful research, but by the time of his death in 1961 the work was still incomplete. It was felt by his friends that his labours should not be forgotten and that the typed chapters, several of them unfinished, should be edited with a view to their eventual publication. The Executive Council of the General Synod approved the plan, and I was asked to carry it out. The task proved to be both exacting and protracted. .... The present volume is a revision and rewriting of that part of the original manuscript relating to Atlantic Canada. It extends the narrative slightly beyond 1893, the year in which a General Synod was constituted, to the beginning of the present century". -- Preface.
Contents: Preface / Thomas R. Millman -- Northern Regions, Newfoundland: First Proclamation of the Gospel -- Nova Scotia: Before the Creation of the Diocese -- Nova Scotia: Charles Inglis -- Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Bermuda: Robert Stanser, John Inglis -- Newfoundland to the Mid-Nineteenth Century: John Inglis, Aubrey Spencer -- Prince Edward Island, Cape Breton to the Mid-Nineteenth Century -- Newfoundland to the Twentieth Century: Edward Feild, James Kelly, Llewellyn Jones -- Nova Scotia: Hibbert Binney, Frederick Courtney -- Fredericton: John Medley, Hollingworth Tully Kingdon -- Epilogue -- Index.
Published in cloth and paper editions. Both have same ISBN number.
"Many readers will find this book both interesting and informative. It is rich in detail, readable and clearly organized. The book throws much needed light upon many individuals and incidents in the history of Anglicanism in Atlantic Canada. For these reasons alone, the book will become, undoubtedly, the standard ecclesiastical history for this part of the church in the period to the end of the nineteenth century" (p. 98). "The framework while excellent for ecclesiastical history and biography does not leave much room for the social, cultural and religious themes that provide a fuller context for the church during this period. One sees comparatively little of the society which was growing up in Atlantic Canada in the nineteenth century, nor does one find very much about the religious framework within which the church had to conduct itself -- either the relationship with other religious bodies, or the very character of Anglicanism at the parish level" (p. 99).
"It is clear that Protestantism exerted its greatest influence on Canadian life in the nineteenth century. As the twentieth century unfolded, however, Canadian Protestantism, battered by demographic change, profound inner doubt, so-called modernity, and secularization, was gradually pushed to the periphery of Canadian experience. Here it remains in the 1990s with the Evangelical tradition becoming increasingly significant once again and American influences noteworthy. In 200 years many things had profoundly changed in the Canadian Protestant experience. A few, however, apparently did not and this, too, is part of the story". -- Editor's Preface.
Contents: Acknowledgments -- Editor's Preface dated Kingston, Ontario, November 1990 / G.A. Rawlyk -- "In These Times of Democratic Rage and Delusion" : Popular Religion and the Challenge to the Established Order, 1750-1815 / Nancy Christie -- Protestantism Transformed : Personal Piety and the Evangelical Social Vision, 1815-1867 / Michael Gauvreau -- Ordering a New Nation and Reordering Protestantism 1867-1914 / Phyllis D. Airhart -- The Canadian Protestant Tradition 1914-1945 / Robert A. Wright -- The Protestant Experience in Canada since 1945 / John G. Stackhouse, Jr. -- Index.
Contents: Editor's Preface -- "In These Times of Democratic Rage and Delusion" : Popular Religion and the Challenge to the Established Order, 1750-1815 / Nancy Christie -- Protestantism Transformed : Personal Piety and the Evangelical Social Vision, 1815-1867 / Michael Gauvreau -- Ordering a New Nation and Reordering Protestantism 1867-1914 / Phyllis D. Airhart -- The Canadian Protestant Tradition 1914-1945 / Robert A. Wright -- The Protestant Experience in Canada since 1945 / John G. Stackhouse, Jr.